Great question! So this will depend on the goal that is being measured. For Goal 10 (reducing inequalities), one of the indicators recommended by the UN is to measure the growth in household expenditure/income per capita among the bottom 40% of the population (related to GDP growth but not the same). Most of the indicators rely on trends (so not just growth). To measure Goal 1 (Ending poverty), a recommended indicator is to measure the “proportion of the population living in households with access to basic services”. Hence, it depends on the goal.