Although the idea of having a global list of goals is good, the indicators for each goal are often biased or influences by stakeholders like the World Bank (which shouldn't be able to influence them at all). Additionally, the SDGs aren't legally binding. Which is good in the sense that more countries are likely to join. But it also means that progress isn't happening fast enough and countries aren't liable.

I think the international economy also plays a pretty big role in this issue. In a system with much more producers and firms, competition is more intense and companies are more likely to reach economies of scale. This is highly valuable, but it also causes a huge strain on the environment. So if we are speaking on hypothetical terms (if the world were a model that could easily be changed), making the market less international, so that local firms have more market power could reduce this issue. Prices would go up for some products, which could make people more mindful of how much they are consuming and what is necessary in order to produce the products that they consume. But then again it would also be extremely unfair for those who can't afford a rise in prices because they are barely able to come by. Just playing with my thoughts here, if anyone would like to react to my reaction to the question feel free to:)

I agree with the previous comment, governments should definitely play the biggest rule when it comes to pollution from littering and stronger fines and enforcement can act as a great financial incentive for people to litter less. Nevertheless, I also thing that education in schools regarding the littering is essential. I'm not sure how it is in Mumbai, but in my school we did learn a bit about the effects of littering and there were quite a few beach cleanups organized. But in retrospect I think we weren't taught enough about the larger scale issue of plastic pollution and how they can also impact humans. So I think it's important that teachers are more mindful about how they talk to students about these matters so that the students themselves will carry forth the habit of cleaning up after themselves and also removing trash when they see it in nature.